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The
results of patience and experience are often fruitful. John Locke
spent his last years publishing works, which had been the consequence
of long years of gestation. His major works were not published until
he was 60 years old. Two
Treatises of Government and the Essay Concerning Human Understanding
were published in 1690. The Treatises was the fruit of
years of reflection upon the true principles in politics.
The
first of Lockes Two Treatises corresponds in some manner
to the argument of Patriarcha Non Monarcha, by Richard Janeway.
Locke claimed that scriptures gave no authority for thinking that
a father had an absolute authority over his children. Therefore,
the absolute authority of a prince could not be deduced from that
premise. Locke further said that princes were only metaphorically
and not literally the fathers of their people. He pointed out that
since everybody descended from Adam, no one mans particular
title to rule another could be based on his descent from Adam.
In his Second Treatise, Locke
discussed about the true origin of political power.
He rejected the notion that government is the product only of force
and violence. Locke claimed to find the origin of civil society
in a form of social contract. He believed that it was a fact of
history that men had once lived in a condition of primitive anarchy.
They came together and instituted governments for the promotion
of their common interests. He further said that even before the
creation of governments there had been one king of law: Natural
Law. The opinion of Locke on Natural Law is :
"The
state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges
everyone: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who
will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one
ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions."
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