At a Glance
John Locke John Locke

The results of patience and experience are often fruitful. John Locke spent his last years publishing works, which had been the consequence of long years of gestation. His major works were not published until he was 60 years old.John LockeTwo Treatises of Government and the Essay Concerning Human Understanding were published in 1690. The Treatises was the fruit of years of reflection upon the true principles in politics.

The first of Locke’s Two Treatises corresponds in some manner to the argument of Patriarcha Non Monarcha, by Richard Janeway. Locke claimed that scriptures gave no authority for thinking that a father had an absolute authority over his children. Therefore, the absolute authority of a prince could not be deduced from that premise. Locke further said that princes were only metaphorically and not literally the fathers of their people. He pointed out that since everybody descended from Adam, no one man’s particular title to rule another could be based on his descent from Adam.

In his Second Treatise, Locke discussed about the true ‘origin’ of political power. He rejected the notion that government is the product only of force and violence. Locke claimed to find the origin of civil society in a form of social contract. He believed that it was a fact of history that men had once lived in a condition of primitive anarchy. They came together and instituted governments for the promotion of their common interests. He further said that even before the creation of governments there had been one king of law: Natural Law. The opinion of Locke on Natural Law is :

"The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges everyone: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions."

 
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